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Helen Jury “Ma” Armstrong
Helen Jury “Ma” Armstrong (1875-1947) was a Canadian human rights activist.
== An Advocate for the Working Class Woman ==
Helen’s developed a reputation for herself as a radical activist even before the General Strike in 1919. In 1917, she aided the Women’s Labor League, which helped in “union organization, political advocacy, the education of women workers on… their own rights”.〔Paula, K., ''Looking for Mrs.Armstrong'', The Beaver, 20-26, 2002. Retrieved October 11, 2015.〕 She had a strong belief in the equality of men and women and was adamant about empowering women to fight for themselves. She stated in a letter to the editor of the Telegram in 1917: "Girls have got to learn to fight as men have had to do for the right to live, and we women of the Labor League are spending all our spare time in trying to get girls to organize as the master class have done to protect their own interests.".〔Paula, K., ''Looking for Mrs.Armstrong'', The Beaver, 20-26, 2002. Retrieved October 11, 2015.〕 In 1918, she was a leader in the “campaign for minimum-wage legislation for women in Manitoba”.〔Paula, K., ''Looking for Mrs.Armstrong'', The Beaver, 20-26, 2002. Retrieved October 11, 2015.〕
During the First World War, she advocated on behalf of the ‘aliens’, or those deemed to be interned enemies for opposing the conscription, as well as lobbying the government for increased pensions for soldiers' wives and children. She was imprisoned many times for her activism, along with her husband, but sill continued to be an outspoken advocate for the oppressed populations of Canada throughout her time.〔Jones, D., ("Fighting days: women's employment and the right to work in Manitoba 1900-1960" ), ''City of Manitoba'', 2003. Retrieved October 11, 2015.〕
Throughout the Winnipeg General Strike in 1919, many were fighting to obtain a set minimum wage, an eight-hour work day, as well as the right to organize a union.〔Joe Macdonald, C. J. (Director), "On Strike: The Winnipeg General Strike 1919" (Picture ), 1991. Retrieved October 11, 2015〕 This strike is considered to be the most crucial in regards to Canadian history. Helen was one of the few women in this movement, yet she is not mentioned nearly as often as the male leaders. During the General Strike, she campaigned against the wage inequality between men and women, and for changes in the unhealthy conditions many women faced while working. She advocated on behalf of all women, regardless of their class or occupation. She did so in terms of “walking the picket line, making her case in the provincial legislature, or facing the police court magistrate () in a letter to the deputy minister of labour she wrote "the lives of many of our working girls... so unbearable that in the end the street claims them as easy prey".〔Paula, K., ''Looking for Mrs.Armstrong'', The Beaver, 20-26, 2002. Retrieved October 11, 2015.〕 During the strike, she was able to help many women who had left work in order to aid in the movement, by having places where they could go and receive food and when possible, help with money to pay rent.〔Jones, D., ("Fighting days: women's employment and the right to work in Manitoba 1900-1960" ), ''City of Manitoba'', 2003. Retrieved October 11, 2015.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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